2017年下半年英语等级考试pets5模拟试题及答案

人不光是靠他生来就拥有一切，而是靠他从学习中所得到的一切来造就自己。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年下半年英语等级考试pets5模拟试题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!

　　Section m Reading Comprehension

　　( 50 minutes)

　　Part A

　　Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

　　Text 1

Not long ago, a mysterious Christmas card dropped through our mail slot. The envelope was addressed to a man named Raoul, who, I was relatively certain, did not live with us. The envelope wash' t sealed, so I. opened it. The inside of the card was blank. Ed, my husband, explained that the card was both from and to the newspaper deliveryman. His name was apparently Raoul, and Raoul wanted a holiday tip. We were meant to put a check inside the card and then drop the envelope in the mail. When your services are rendered at 4 a. m. , you can' t simply hang around, like a hotel bellboy expecting a tip. You have to be direct.

So I wrote a nice holiday greeting to this man who, in my imagination, fires The New York Times from his bike aimed at our front door, casing more noise with mere newsprint than most people manage with sophisticated black market fireworks.

With a start, I realized that perhaps the reason for the 4 a.m. wake-up noise was not ordinary rudeness but carefully executed spite: I had not tipped Raoul in Christmases past. I honestly hadn't realized I was supposed to. This was the first time he'd used the card tactic. So I got out my checkbook. Somewhere along the line, holiday tipping went from an optional thank-you for a year of services to a Mafia-style protection racket (收取保护费的组织).

Several days later, I was bringing our garbage bins back from the curb when I noticed an envelope taped to one of the lids. The outside of the envelope said MICKEY. It had to be another tip request, this time from our garbage collector. Unlike Raoul, Mickey hadn't enclosed his own Christmas card from me. In a way, I appreciated the directness. "I know you don' t care how merry my Christmas is, and that' s fine, " the gesture said. "I want $ 30, or I'll ‘ forget' to empty your garbage bin some hot summer day. "

I put a check in the envelope and taped it back to the bin. The next morning, Ed noticed that the envelope was gone, though the trash hadn't yet been picked up: "Someone stole Mickey' s tip !" Ed was quite certain. He made me call the bank and cancel the check.

But Ed had been wrong. Two weeks later, Mickey left a letter from the bank on our steps. The letter informed Mickey that the check, which he had tried to cash, had been cancelled. The following Tuesday morning, when Ed saw a truck outside, he ran out with his wallet. “Are you Mickey?”

The man looked at him with scorn. "Mickey is the garbageman. I am the recycling. " Not only had Ed insul- ted this man by hinting that he was a garbageman, but he had obviously neglected to tip him. Ed ran back inside for more funds. Then he noticed that the driver of the truck had been watching the whole transaction. He peeled off an- other twenty and looked around, waving bills in the air. "Anyone else?"

Had we consulted the website of the Emily Post Institute, this embarrassing broach of etiquette (礼节) could have been avoided. Under "trash/recycling collectors" in the institute' s Holiday Tipping Guidelines, it says, " $10 to $30 each. " You may or may not wish to know that your pet groomer, hairdresser, mailman and UPS guy all expect a holiday tip.

51. The newspaper deliveryman put a blank card inside the envelope because __

A. he forgot to write a few words on it

B. he wanted the couple to send it back

C. he used it to ask for a Christmas tip

was afraid of asking for a tip in person

52. From the passage, we learn that the author __

A. didn' t like Raoul' s way of delivering the paper

B. didn' t realize why Raoul delivered the paper that way

C. didn' t know that Raoul came very early in the morning

D. didn' t feel it necessary to meet Raoul when he came

53. According to the passage, the author felt __ to give Raoul a holiday tip.

A. excited

B. delighted

C. embarrassed

D. forced

54. Which of the following is CORRECT about Mickey, the garbage collector?

A. He wrote a letter to the couple afterwards.

B. He failed to collect the money from the bank.

C. He wanted the couple to send him a Christmas card.

D. He collected both the cheek and the garbage that day.

55. Ed's encounter with the recycling team shows that __

A. Ed was desperate to correct his mistake.

B. Ed only wanted to give money to Raoul.

C. Ed was unwilling to tip the truck driver.

no longer wanted to give them money.

　　Text 2

At 18, Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system (the "bubble-boy disease", named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastictent), she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very

source, in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992, she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her, W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more.

"there will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease, " Anderson says, "within 50 years. "

It' s not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson' s early success. The National Insti- tutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $ 432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don' t cause human disease. "The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse, " says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. "The cargo is the gene. "

At the University of Pennsylvania' s Abramson Cancer Center, immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University. researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson' s disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children" s brain cells. At Stanford University and the Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out bow to help pa- tients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.

But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the set- back it suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished fur- ther if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. This summer, researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a "marathon mouse" by implanting a gene that enhances running ability;already, officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of "gene doping". But the principle is the same, whether you' re trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. "Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea, " says Crystal. "And eventually it' s going to work. ""

56. The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to

A. show the promise of gene-therapy

B. give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseases

C. introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team

D. explain how gene-based treatment works

57. Anderson' s early success has ____

A. greatly speeded the development of medicine

B. brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapy

C. promised a cure to every disease

D. made him a national hero

58. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy treatment constantly.

B. Despite the huge funding, gene researches have shown few promises.

C. Therapeutic genes are carded by harmless viruses.

D. Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.

59. The word "tarnish" (line 4, paragraph 4) most probably means __

A. affect

B. warn

C. trouble

D. stain

6O. From the text we can see that the author seems

A. optimistic

B. pessimistic

C. troubled

D. uncertain

　　Text 3

Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year' s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U. S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they' re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply, " says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, "and the lack of redundancy in our system.

Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little in. centive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year' s flu virus is different, any tettover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers ( Chiron and Aventis Pas- teur)--and when one of them runs inla trouble, there isn' t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can" t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs, " says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There' s a whole industry that' s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "

Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year' s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures--a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product ( Solvay Pharmaceuticals' Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.

For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That' s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign--encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.

61. Shortages of flue vaccine show that'

A. America relies too much cn foreign suppliers

B. the demand of flu vaccines is high this year

C. quality problem is a serious problem in flu vaccine production

D. the supply of flu vaccines is rather weak and America has no back-up measures to make it up

62. The word "cleared" ( Line 4, Paragraph 3) might mean

A. permitted

B. removed

C. proved

D. produced

63. Private companies have little interest in producing flu vaccines because of _____

A. complicated process, high cost, low profit and high risk

B. shortages of fertilized chicken eggs

C. difficulty in growing live virus

D. fast changing of flu virus

64. From the last paragraph we can infer that _

A. the government hopes to solve the problem by way of volunteer restrictions

B. more than 47 million Americans who are qualified to get flu vaccine shots can not get them this year

C. America has to deal with a limited supply of flu vaccines this year

D. normally only a small percentage of American population gets flu vaccine shots each year

65. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. All Americans are persuaded not to get vaccinated this year.

B. The big problem in innovating flu vaccine producing technique is how to grow virus in a new way.

C. More flu vaccines can not be produced in a short time because private companies refuse to produce more.

D. Flu vaccines are easier than most vaccines to produce through cell cultures.

　　Section III Reaaing Comprehension(共计35分，权重35%)

　　PartA(每小题1分，共计l5分)

　　Textl

　　短文赏析

本文讲的是卡片战术的故事。不久以前，一封神秘的圣诞卡片投递到了主人公邮箱里。但是信封上的收信人不是和他们居住在一起的人!这张空卡片是送报人的，他想要假期小费。他们被暗示：要填好卡片投递。所以女主人拿出支票单。无论在哪，因服务一年而给的假期小费已经发展成为了的保护勒索。几天之后，女主人拿回垃圾筒时又收到了一封小费请求信，这次是他们家的垃圾回收员，他们没有办法.只好再次奉上，这次还闹出了小小的误会，让男主人很无奈。面对这样的窘境，夫妇俩去有关机构寻求帮助，其实假期小费早就已经是大家都遵行的“潜规则”了。

　　答案及解析

51.C【解析】由第一段可知，这张卡片是送报人的，我们被暗示：要填好卡片投递，当你的服务在凌晨四点就被奉上时，你不能若无其事，你必须要直接点，他想要的是假期小费。因此正确答案为C。

52.A【解析】第二段中女主人写了一封漂亮的假期贺词给这个她从来没看到或遇到过的人。这个人在她的想象里就是像射击一样把《纽约时报》发射到她家门前，制造的噪声要大于人们从黑市购得的鞭炮的声响。所以她确实不喜欢拉乌尔投递报纸的这种方式。因此正确答案为A。

53.D【解析】在第三段中女主人公意识到也许在四点的粗鲁服务的原因是经过精心策划的而不是习惯，假期小费从随意的一句谢谢发展成为的保护勒索，所以作者是被迫给假期小费的。因此正确答案为D。

54.B【解析】从第五段中描述到，看到装着支票的信封没有了，但是垃圾还在，所以作者的丈夫怀疑信封是被别人偷走了，立马就通知银行作废了这张支票。所以Mickey最终还是没有从银行中取走钱。因此正确答案为B。

55.A【解析】第六段中男主人看到清理垃圾的车，误以为是Mickey来了，正要出去澄清误会，把上次的小费补上，却遭到了回收员的蔑视，所以他感到澄清误会的机会是很渺茫了，对于假期小费的事情他已经绝望了。因此正确答案为A。

　　Text2

　　短文赏析

本篇文章是说明文，主要说明基因疗法的前景、现状、遭遇的问题以及人们对待基因疗法的态度。文章第一段以上世纪90年代一次成功的基因治疗为例说明基因疗法的广阔前景。第二段介绍了基因疗法的现状和治疗机制。第三段介绍了目前用基因疗法治疗多种疾病的研究情况。第四段介绍了基因疗法遭遇的问题以及人们对基因疗法的态度。

　　答案及解析

56.A【解析】文章第一句话对用基因疗法治疗Ashanthi所患罕见疾病的成功给予了很高的评价，并在第一段末指出医生们对基因疗法寄予了极高的期望。因此正确答案为A。

57.B【解析】文章第二段一开头就说：…It S not entirely clear whv medi—cine has been SO slow to build on Anderson’S early Success.”从时间上来看，Anderson采用基因疗法的成功尝试已经是l990年的事情了，两相对照，可见他的成功没有让医学加速发展。因此正确答案为B。

58.c【解析】文章第二段对于基因治疗的方式的解释是用于治疗的基因通过“viruses that don’t cause human disease”进入体内，就好像“特洛伊木马”一样，由此可见，这些病毒是无害的。因此正确答案为C。

59.D【解析】第四段提到基因疗法遭受的一起挫折——一个病人因接受基因疗法而死亡;接着讲专家担心运动员利用基因在比赛中作弊会进一步tarnish这一领域，从上下文逻辑推理，应该是“有损，玷污”这一类的意思，因此正确答案为D。

60.A【解析】作者的态度从文章第一句话和最后一句话就可以明显判断出来。第一句话说基因疗法是20世纪的伟大成就之一，最后一句话说“Everybody recogllizes that gene therapy is a very good idea”，由此可见作者对基因疗法持积极乐观的态度。因此正确答案为A。

　　Text 3

　　短文赏析

本篇文章探讨了美国流感疫苗短缺事件，经济成因以及当前与未来的解决办法。第一段，作者介绍了美国流感疫苗短缺问题以及其直接原因，由于质量控制等问题，英国当局禁止向美国运输疫苗，从而导致疫苗严重短缺，使疫苗供应量减少了近一半。于是联邦卫生部门的官员敦促2至64岁的健康公民不要注射疫苗;第二段中，作者剖析了其背后的经济原因;在第三段里，作者介绍了解决短缺问题的办法之一：革新疫苗生产技术，将其从受精卵中转移到细胞培养。第四段中，作者探讨了美国的当务之急：如何利用好有限的疫苗。出路就是号召公民发扬风格，将注射疫苗的机会让给敏感群体，让那些真正需要的人能够接种疫苗。

　　答案及解析

61.D【解析】第一段最后一句话指出了疫苗短缺所暴露出来的'问题。

“This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply.”says in Myers of the National Network for Immunization Informa- tion，“and the lack of redundancy in our system.…‘这再次凸显出我们疫苗供应的脆弱性，”全国免疫信息网的马丁-迈尔斯医生说，“此外，我们也没有必要的补救机制。”因此正确答案为D。

62.A 【解析】在第三段最后一句“…one d product has been cleared for marketing in Europe.”里出现了“cleared”一词。根据下文中“marketing”和读者有关药品上市前应该得到批准的常识，可以判断出，该词在本句中的意思是“得到官方的批准”。因此正确答案为A。

63.A 【解析】第二段第二句“Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it.”意思是说“私企生产流感疫苗的积极性不高”。接下来作者介绍了制作疫苗的复杂工序，由此可以推断出流感疫苗生产工艺复杂、成本高。第二段又明确指出了私企不愿意生产流感疫苗的其他原因：利润率低、需求不稳定，此外由于流感病毒每年都不同，因此生产数量不能过大，由此也可推断出生产的风险性大，如果生产多了就会损失很大。因此正确答案为A。

64.B【解析】由第四段第二句“The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restricfions an—nounced last week.”中可以知道大约有九千五百万人有资格注射疫苗。根据第四段第三句：“That’S nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand，but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year.”和前一句可以推断出美国现有大约四千七百万份流感疫苗库存，由此可推断出美国至少还有四千七百多万有资格注射疫苗的人无法得到注射。因此正确答案为B。

65.B 【解析】由第一段的“Instead of beseeching us all to get ’re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to.”可以判断出美国之呼吁2至64岁的健康人不接种流感疫苗，而不是所有的美国人，因此答案A是错误的。从第二段最后一句话可以看出疫苗生产厂家无法临时增加疫苗生产不是由于他们不愿意，而是由于受精鸡蛋的生产已经预先计划好，无法提供更多的受精鸡蛋，由此可见答案C是错误的。从第三段第三行“Flu vaccines ale harder than most to produce this way”可以判断出答案D是错误的，因为流感疫苗比别的疫苗更难用细菌培育的方式生产。而由第三段第2—3行“The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures——a medium already used to make most other vaccines.”以及上一句可见，改造疫苗生产工艺的关键在于革新病毒培育技术。因此正确答案为B。