新概念英语第一册语法归纳

引导语：《新概念英语》作为一套世界闻名的英语教程，以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课文内容和全面的技能训练，深受广大英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。以下是本站小编为大家整理的新概念英语第一册语法归纳，欢迎阅读！

　　感叹句

感叹句：

1) What +名词+主语+谓语

What a beautiful girl she is!

What tall buildings they are!

2) How +形容词+主语+谓语

How beautiful the girl is!

How tall the buildings are!

• 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略：

What a nice present!(省略it is)

How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)

　　祈使句

祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等，谓语动词一律用原型，句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹好或者句号，用降调。

★肯定句：动词原型

Come here, please.

Go downstairs, please.

Stand up.

Sit down.

Be quiet.

Be careful.

祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或者句尾：

Come in, Amy.

Sit down here, Tom.

Mary, give me a book please.

★否定：Don't+动词原型

Don't come here.

Don't sit down.

Don't stand up.

Don't give me it.

let sb. do 让某人做

Let me pass.

Let us have a rest.

Let's have a rest.

反意疑问：

Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?

Let us go out for a drink, will you?

　so/neither的倒装

倒装句：so/neither的倒装

eg: He can swim. So can I.

She didn't go to class. Neither did I.

结构：

so/neither+be+ 主语

so/neither+助动词+ 主语

so/neither+情态动词+ 主语

助动词：

一般现在时: do, does/am, is, are

现在进行时: am, is, are

一般过去时: did

现在完成时: have, has

一般将来时: will, shall

过去进行时: was, were

过去完成时: had

过去将来时: would

直接引语/间接引语

如果引语的主句所用动词为过去时，那么间接引语要做相应变化：时态，人称，时间地点及指示词

1) 时态变化：

一般现在时——一般过去时

现在进行时——过去进行时

一般过去时——过去完成时

现在完成时——过去完成时

一般将来时——过去将来时

be going to——was/were going to/would

can--could

may--might

2) 时间地点及指示词的变化：

here-there, tomorrow-the next day, the following day, this-that…

3) 人称变化：根据句意改变人称。

4) 直接宾语/间接宾语

主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

直接宾语是及物动词的.直接对象，间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务，也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或者是为谁做的。所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。

He gives me a book.(me间接宾语，a book直接宾语)

直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for：

主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语

Give me a book. = Give the book to me.

Send him a letter. = Send a letter to him.

Show him the new dress. = Show the new dress to him.

动词的变化

1)代词及be动词

主格 I we you you she/he/it they

宾格 me us you you her/him/it them

代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

be动词现在时 Am are are are is are

be动词过去时 was were were were was were

2)名词的复数

规则变化的名词复数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

3)动词的第三人称单数形式

规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

规则2 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

规则3 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

4)动词现在分词

规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

规则3 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

5)动词过去式

规则动词变化

规则1 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played

规则2 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived

规则3 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

规则4 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ed stop-stopped

过去式的读音

在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched

在/t/，/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated

6)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

比较级

规则1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

规则2 以e结尾加-r nice-nicer

规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-er busy-busier

规则4 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加-er fat-fatter

最高级

规则1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

规则2 以e结尾加-st nice-nicest

规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-est busy-busiest

规则4 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音字母再加--est fat-fattest

7)常见缩写：

is='s I am=I'm are='re

is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/

do not=don't

does not=doesn't

was='s

did not=didn't

can not=can't

have='ve

has='s

have not=haven't

has not=hasn't

will='ll

will not=won't

shall not=shan't