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Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been 1 recently by Patricia Romero is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 2 warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing likely suffer from the impacts of changing work also concludes that most cities are failing to 3 emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4 e gases are known to affect the atmosphere.”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to 5 their residents."
Cities are 6 sources of greenhouse urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 7 .
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential 8 associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 9 paved cities more than surrounding impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health er neighborhoods that may 10 basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing 11 access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.
Local governments, 12 ,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric 13 meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce 14 use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their 15 policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
词汇：
vulnerable / 'vʌlnərəbl / adj .易受伤害的
infrastructure / 'infrə,strʌktʃə / n .基础设施
sociologist /,səusi'ɔlədʒist /n.社会学家
substandard / ,sʌb'stændəd / adj.标准以下的
dioxide / dai'ɔksaid / .二氧化物
floodplain /'flʌdplein / n .泛滥平原
注释：
1. likely：很可能，或许。在本句中用作副词。
2. be likely to：很可能。likely 在本句中是形容词，用作表语。
3. findings：调查结果
4. storm surges：风暴潮
5. paved cities：铺上沥青路面的城市
6. spring up：涌现
7. rhetoric . . . responses：修辞反应。这个词的意思是：(地方政府)话讲得很漂亮，但内容空洞。
8. a hands-off approach：一种不插手的政策
练习：
1.A carry along B carried away C carried out D carried back
2.A economic B industrial C rural D urban
3.A reduce B increase C study D measure
4.A crops B gases C fruits D Plant5
5.A educate B evaluate C protect D identify
6.A doubtful B possible C repeatable D major
7.A uses B chances C cures D benefits
8.A threats B interests C functions D differences
9.A locally B heavily C suddenly D mildly
l0.A provide B improve C lack D update
11.A without B with C in D on
12.A moreover B therefore C however D though
13.A other than B more than C less than D rather than
14.A train B automobile C bus D bike
15.A idle B smart C busy D secure
答案与题解：
1. C 本题的答案是carried out(执行;完成)。“A new examination of urban policies has been
carried out” 意思上配得上。carried along(携带)、carried away(运走)和carried back(运回)与下文的意思搭配不上。
2.D通篇文章讨论的是气候变化对城市的影响及其应对措施，并没有涉及economic (经济
的)、industrial (工业的)和rural (农村的)的话题。所以，这三个选项不可能是答案，urban才是答案。
3.A前面一句谈到，发展中国家的飞速成长的城市备受气候变化的折磨。本句紧接上一句
的意思，大多数城市没有做到减少二氧化碳的排放量。四个选项中，要选reduce。
学识谷
