1 跨文化意识与地名、景点名称的翻译
例如:"太湖 ",有的译作Tai Lake,也有的译为Taihu Lake;"泰山 "有的译为Taishan Mountain,也有的译为Tai Mountain" "。如峨眉山,太白山可以译成Emei Mountain, Taibai Mountain。
译为Garden of Humble Administrator就要比Zhuozheng Garden效果好得多。
把"中山陵 "译为Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's Mausoleum,把"颐和园 "译为The Summer Palace著名旅游点"大慈恩寺 "时,看到其英译Da Ci-en Temple.
比如苏州的"寒山寺 "就不能译为"Cold Hill Temple ",
既用拼音 Taihe Dian,又用意译The Throne Hall of Supreme Harmony。处理的方法有两种:一种是Taihe Dian用斜体字, The Throne Hall of Supreme Harmony放在后面的'括号中,即Taihe Dian (The Throne Hall of Supreme Harmony);另一种是两者用"or "联结, 即Taihe Dian or The Throne Hall of Supreme Harmony.
2 文化意识与历史人物、历史事件名称的翻译
例如:清朝乾隆年间,可译为During the reign of Emperor of Qianlong (1736-1795)of Qin Dynasty (1644-1911)。如"秦始皇 "可译为Qin Shi-huang, the first emperor who united China in 221B.C."林则徐 "可译为 Lin Zexu, government official of Qin Dynasty(1636-1911), and the key figure in the Opium War
"故宫耗时14年,整个工程于1420年结束"。如果这份旅游资料针对北美市场发行,可译为为: The construction of the Forbidden City took 14 years and was finished in 1420, 72 years before Christopher Columbus discovered the New World.
若这份材料的目标市场是欧洲,则可在1420后加上 14 years before Shakespeare was born。
浙江兰溪济公纪念馆里有这么一句话: 济公劫富济贫,深受贫苦人民的爱戴。翻译为:Ji Gong, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor.
3 跨文化意识与中国古诗词及四字句的翻译
比如 "上有天堂,下有苏杭 ",译为In the sky, the best is heaven, and on the earth, the best are Suzhou and Hangzhou..
再如: 路左有一巨石,石上原有苏东坡手书 "云外流春" 四个大字。
译文为: To its left is another rock formerly engraved with four big Chinese characters Yun Wai Liu Chun(Beyond clouds flows spring) written by Su Dongpo (1037-1101), the most versatile poet of the Northern Song Dynasty(960-1127).
湖南张家界风景名胜区简介中有这样一句: 境内怪峰林立,溶洞群布,古木参天,珍禽竞翅,山泉潺潺,云雾缭绕。: There are countless strange peaks, clusters of limestone caves, ancient trees as high as the sky, rare and precious birds, flowing mountain-springs and cloud----like mists floating above you.例如"移步换景 "、"曲径通幽 "、"诗情画意 "、"九天飞瀑 "可分别译为: a different view with every step(而不是"对号入座 "式的翻译为: " take a step and the scenery will change.") a winding path leading to a secluded place, poetic lyricism and picturesque concept .但"九天飞瀑 "只需译作heavenly fall就可以了。
形容商品的"琳琅满目 ",可意译为 a supreme collection of beautiful things,但是某种情况下,可把它翻译为 wide choice。
4 跨文化意识与文化信息的处理旅游
例如我国最大的传统节日"春节 ",可以解释性地译为Spring Festival(a three-day celebration of the traditional Chinese New Year which falls in January or Febuary according to cycles in the Chinese lunar calendar)。
再看下面一例:
作为炎黄子孙,还可以去拜谒离西安不远的黄帝陵。
译文: If you are Chinese descent, you may pay tribute to the tomb of Huangdi (Yellow Emperor), first Chinese emperor.
因而将"炎黄子孙 "译为 the descents of Yan Di and Huang Di (All the Chinese people are supposed to be descents of Huang Di and Yan Di, two chiefs of famous ancient tribes in the Huanghe River Valley.)
学识谷
