最新公共英語考試閲讀題精選材料

謙虛是學習的朋友，自滿是學習的敵人。以下是小編為大家搜索整理的最新公共英語考試閲讀題精選材料，希望對正在關注的您有所幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!

　　TUse "desirable difficulty"

　　運用“適當增加難度”來複習

Reviewing material is one of the most popular forms of learning. Guess what? It's also one of the least effective. Researchers call this "the fluency illusion." Just because it's easy to remember right now doesn't mean it will stay that way. "Desirable difficulty" means that the harder you work trying to retrieve something from memory, the better you learn. Don't merely reread stuff. Practice like a medical student and quiz yourself with flashcards. You're not going to learn much passively. Research show re-reading material four times was not nearly as effective as reading it once and writing a summary.

複習是學習的重要一環，那我要説是最沒有效率的一環呢?研究學家稱它為“熟練的假象”你記得某個知識並不代表着在任何情況下你都能熟練運用。“適當增加難度”的意義在於，你越難回憶起某個知識，你就會記得越牢。不要就簡單的復讀，可以學習醫學院的學生利用閃卡來測試自己。不要被動的學習，研究表明，一本書你讀四遍的效果不如你讀一遍然後寫一篇讀書小結來的好。

You need to struggle. Whether it's memorizing information or practicing a sport or skill, you want your practice to be challenging. When I spoke to Dan Coyle, bestselling author of The Talent Code, he said: We learn when we're in our discomfort zone. When you're struggling, that's when you're getting smarter. The more time you spend there, the faster you learn. It's better to spend a very, very high quality ten minutes, or even 10 seconds, than it is to spend a mediocre hour.

你得受點挫折，不管是在記憶方面或是鍛鍊某項運動或其他技能。要儘量做些有挑戰性的任務。就像《一萬個小時天才》的作者Dan Colye所説，在我們舒適區以外，我們最能學到東西。就是俗話説的“吃一塹，長一智”，花越多的時間鑽研，你就會學習得越快。聚精會神的十分鐘，哪怕是10秒鐘，比一個小時的.磨洋工要有效率的多。

The Get fast, negative feedback

快速從失敗中吸取經驗

One of the three key components to "10,000 hours of deliberate practice" is feedback. Without it you don't know if you're improving or what you need to work on next. And don't just listen to me because I read the nerdy research. The most un-nerdy people in the world are on the same page. When I spoke to Navy SEAL platoon commander James Waters, he said feedback is critical.

關於“一萬小時刻意訓練”三個要素的其中之一就是反饋。如果沒有反饋那麼你就不知道自己哪裏需要提高，下一步的訓練計劃要怎麼制定。也不必只聽我的一家之言，事實上，那些取得成績的人都知道反饋的重要性。比如海軍海豹突擊隊指揮官James Water 就認同反饋的重要性。

After every mission, SEALs do a review of what happened to get feedback. Do they all just congratulate each other? No, they spend 90 percent of their time on the negative: what they can do better next time. And there's another vital source of feedback: yourself. Always take some time to reflect on how you're doing.

每次任務結束之後，隊員們就會對發生的事情進行意見收集反饋。難道他們僅僅是為了慶祝任務完成，當然不是，他們90%的時間都花在對於問題研究，下一次怎樣才能做的更好。還有一項重要的反饋就是自我評價，每次對於自己的表現進行評價。

Rats in tiny trousers, pseudoscientific bullshit, the personalities of rocks, and Volkswagen’s, shall we say, “creative” approach to emissions testing were among the research topics honored by the 2016 Ig Nobel Prizes. The winners were announced last night at a live webcast ceremony held at Harvard University.

穿着小褲子的老鼠、偽科學胡扯、石頭的個性和大眾在尾氣排放測試中富有創造性的方法，這些都是2016搞笑諾貝爾獎的得獎研究課題。昨晚，在哈佛大學舉行的網上直播儀式中，搞笑諾貝爾獎的得主一一揭開了神祕的面紗。

注：對於那些不熟悉搞笑諾貝爾獎的人，我們只能説它是一個為妙趣科學舉辦的年度慶典。或者説是慶祝那些看似可疑的科學，由諷刺雜誌《不可思議研究年報》提供。它的主要目標是表彰那些一開始讓你大笑接着令你深思的研究。它們都非常有趣，大獎得主們常常需要自費前往慶典接受他們的獎項。

This year’s crop of Ig Nobel Laureates is listed below. Those who attended the ceremony were given just 60 seconds for their acceptance speeches, a longstanding rule that was, as always, vigorously enforced (the Oscars could learn a thing or two from the Ig Nobels).

今年的搞笑諾貝爾名單如下。那些參加慶典的人只有60秒的提名演講時間，這個長期以來存在的規則常常會被大力貫徹下去(奧斯卡也應該從搞笑諾貝爾獎中學到一兩樣東西)。

Reproduction Prize: The late Ahmed Shafik, for studying the effects of wearing polyester, cotton, or wool trousers on the sex life of rats, and for conducting similar tests with human males.

生殖學獎：已故的Ahmed Shafik，研究穿聚酯、棉或者羊毛面料的褲子對老鼠性生活的影響，類似的實驗也在人類男性身上實施過。

Economics Prize: Mark Avis, Sarah Forbes, and Shelagh Ferguson, forassessing the perceived personalities of rocks, from a sales and marketing perspective.

經濟學獎：Mark Avis、Sarah Forbes和Shelagh Ferguson，從銷售和營銷視角評估石頭的個性。

Physics Prize: Gábor Horváth, Miklós Blahó, György Kriska, Ramón Hegedüs, Balázs Gerics, Róbert Farkas, Susanne Åkesson, Péter Malik, and Hansruedi Wildermuth, for discovering why white-haired horses are the most horsefly-proof horses, and for discovering why dragonflies are fatally attracted to black tombstones.

物理學獎：Gábor Horváth、Miklós Blahó、György Kriska、Ramón Hegedüs、Balázs Gerics、Róbert Farkas、Susanne Åkesson、Péter Malik和Hansruedi Wildermuth，他們發現白馬最不招馬蠅的原因以及為何蜻蜓會受到黑色墓碑的致命吸引。

Medicine Prize: Christoph Helmchen, Carina Palzer, Thomas Münte, Silke Anders, and Andreas Sprenger, for discovering that if you have an itch on the left side of your body, you can relieve it by looking into a mirror and scratching the right side of your body (and vice versa).

醫學獎：Christoph Helmchen、Carina Palzer、Thomas Münte、Silke Anders和Andreas Sprenger，他們發現如果你的身體左側很癢，那麼看着鏡子撓身體右側就能緩解症狀(反之亦然)。

Biology Prize: Awarded jointly to: Charles Foster, for living in the wild as, at different times, a badger, an otter, a deer, a fox, and a bird; and to Thomas Thwaites, for creating prosthetic extensions of his limbs that allowed him to move in the manner of, and spend time roaming hills in the company of, goats.

生物學獎：共同頒發給——於不同時間在野外像獾、水獺、鹿、狐狸和鳥那樣生活的Charles Foster，以及在四肢創造假體擴張使得他能像山羊那樣移動的Thomas Thwaites。

Psychology Prize: Verschuere, for asking a thousand liars how often they lie, and for deciding whether to believe those answers.

心理學獎： Verschuere，調查了一千名説謊者的説謊頻率，並決定何時該相信他們的答案。

Peace Prize: Gordon Pennycook, James Allan Cheyne, Nathaniel Barr, Derek Koehler, and Jonathan Fugelsang for their scholarly study called “On the Reception and Detection of Pseudo-Profound Bullshit.”

和平獎：Gordon Pennycook、James Allan Cheyne、Nathaniel Barr、Derek Koehler和Jonathan Fugelsang，得獎研究是“接受和檢測假裝深沉的狗屎言論”。

Literature Prize: Fredrik Sjöberg, for his three-volume autobiographical work about the pleasures of collecting flies that are dead, and flies that are not yet dead.

文學獎：Fredrik Sjöberg，他寫了三本自傳體作品，講述了收集死蒼蠅和尚未死去蒼蠅的樂趣。

Perception Prize: Atsuki Higashiyama and Kohei Adachi, for investigating whether things look different when you bend over and view them between your legs.

認知學獎：Atsuki Higashiyama 和 Kohei Adachi，他們調查了當你彎下腰從兩腿之間看事物的時候，它們是否會變得不一樣。