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特殊定语从句的翻译

栏目: 校园 / 发布于: / 人气:2.04W

导语:以下是小编精心为大家整理的有关特殊定语从句的翻译示例,希望对大家有所帮助,欢迎阅读。

特殊定语从句的翻译

英语中的定语从句起到了一个修饰的作用,作用相当于形容词,那么定语从句我们也称之为形容词性从句。同时,我们把定语从句分为两类,一是限制性定语从句,一类是非限定性定语从句

那么,什么是限定性定语从句,简单来讲就是对所修饰的先行词的意思加以限制,表示“…的人或是物”,例如:He is a man whom you should marry.在这个句子中,如果去掉定语从句whom you should marry.这个句子意思就不完整,甚至可以说是不成立了。

而非限定性定语从句,顾名思义,这类定语从句对于所修饰的事物没有限制意义的作用,而起到一种补充说明和解释的作用,与主句的关系并不密切,拿掉非限定性定语从句,主句意思照样成立。例如:He is my father, who love me deeply.在这个句子中,如果去掉这个“who love me deeply.”非限定性定语从句,He is my father,这个主句照样成立,意思也不会受到太大影响。而定语从句种类的不同,我们在翻译的时候采用的翻译方法也不尽相同。

1、 定语从句有时可以译为并列分句,主要是指非限制性的定语从句:

1) Nearly everyone knows the story of ”the dog that worried thecatthat caught the rat thatatethe grain that lay in the house that Mr. Bubble built.”

几乎人人都知道这个故事:“冒泡先生盖了房,房里堆了粮,耗子把粮食吃光,猫把耗子抓伤,狗又把猫逼上房。”

2) Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake to which we are all prone.

自认为知道而实际上并不知道,这是一个致命的弱点,我们都容易犯这种错误。

2、 倒译法:

1) Yet he failed somehow, in spite of a mediocrity, which ought to have insured any man asuccess

按理说,他这样的庸才,正该发迹才是,可是不知怎么,只是不得意。

2) You have given Fieldstone, who dislikes me anyhow, the chance he was waiting for.

费尔德斯丁反正就不喜欢我,你给他的机会正是他求之不得的。

3、 译为相当于英语中的状语从句一样的译法:

1) How can anyone hope to be a qualified teacher, who doesn’t know what the students are thinking and demanding?

一个教师如果不知道他的学生在想什么,需要什么,怎能指望成为一个合格的教师呢?(译为条件状语从句)

2) The thief, who was about to escape, was caught by the policemen.

小偷正要逃跑时,被警察抓住了(当作时间状语从句来处理)

4、 有时可译为相当于汉语中的.谓语结构或宾语结构:

1) In recent years an interesting fact has been brought topublicattention: As educational levels, salaries, and the cost of living have increased, more and more people are now having fewer and fewer children to the point where schools in many cities have to close down.

最近几年一个有趣的情况引起人们的注意:随着教育水平、工资和生活消费的提高,越来越多的人不想多生孩子,已经到了许多城市的学校不得不关门的地步。(译为相当汉语的谓语结构)

2) She knew the sequestered spots where the hens laid their eggs.

她知道母鸡在什么隐蔽的角落里下蛋(译为相当汉语中的宾语结构)

3) He had a lot of eggs to sell, which would have made he beloved anywhere.

他有许多金蛋蛋要卖,足以使他到处受到欢迎的。(谓语结构)

5、 译成独立句子:

1) There was another man who seemed to have answers, and that was Mr. Bubble.

另外一个人似乎胸有成竹,那就是冒泡先生。(溶合式)

2) Yonder are the Misses Leery, who are looking out for the young officers of the Heavies…

那边是李瑞家的小姐们正在望眼欲穿地等待着重炮队里的年轻军官(溶合式)